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Python for Absolute Beginners (Fundamentals + Mini Projects)

Python for beginners

Course Overview

This course is designed to help absolute beginners learn Python from scratch. It covers fundamental programming concepts and applies them through engaging mini projects to reinforce learning. By the end of the course, students will be able to write Python programs, manipulate data, work with files, and build small-scale applications.

Course Level: Beginner

Duration: 6-8 Weeks

Prerequisites: None

Module 1: Introduction to Python

  • What is Python, and why is it popular?
  • Installing Python (Windows, macOS, Linux)
  • Running Python scripts vs. interactive mode
  • Setting up a development environment (IDLE, VS Code, PyCharm, Jupyter Notebook)
  • Writing your first Python program (Hello, World!)

Mini Project: User Greeting Script – Prompt the user for their name and display a personalized greeting.

Module 2: Python Basics – Variables, Data Types & Operators

  • Variables and data types (int, float, string, bool, list, tuple, dict, set)
  • Type conversion and typecasting
  • Operators (Arithmetic, Comparison, Logical, Assignment, Membership, Identity)
  • String manipulation (slicing, formatting, methods)
  • Taking user input and handling basic output

Mini Project: Simple Calculator – Create a basic calculator that performs arithmetic operations.

Module 3: Control Flow – Conditional Statements & Loops

  • if, elif, else statements
  • for loops and while loops
  • Loop control statements (break, continue, pass)
  • List comprehensions and generator expressions

Mini Project: Number Guessing Game – Let the user guess a randomly generated number.

Module 4: Functions & Modular Programming

  • Defining and calling functions
  • Function arguments and return values
  • Default arguments and keyword arguments
  • lambda (anonymous) functions
  • Importing and using built-in modules (math, random, datetime)
  • Writing custom modules and importing them

Mini Project: To-Do List App – A simple command-line to-do list using functions.

Module 5: Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries & Sets

  • Creating and modifying lists
  • List methods (append, remove, sort, reverse)
  • Tuple properties and when to use them
  • Dictionary operations (keys, values, items)
  • Set operations (union, intersection, difference)
  • Iterating through data structures

Mini Project: Contact Book – Store and manage contacts using dictionaries.

Module 6: File Handling and Exception Handling

Learn how to read from and write to files, and gracefully handle unexpected errors in your code. This module is essential for building real-world applications that interact with data stored in files.

  • Understanding File Types (Text and Binary)
  • Opening and Closing Files
  • Reading from Files (read, readline, readlines)
  • Writing to Files (write, writelines)
  • Using with Statement for Safe File Handling
  • Introduction to Errors and Exceptions
  • Try, Except, Finally Blocks
  • Raising and Customizing Exceptions
  • Mini Project: Notes Manager – A text-based note-saving and reading application

Module 7: Working with External Libraries

  • Introduction to Python packages (pip and virtual environments)
  • Working with numpy (basic array operations)
  • Using pandas for data handling
  • Simple data visualization with matplotlib

Mini Project: Data Analysis Tool – Load a CSV file and visualize simple statistics.

Module 8: Final Capstone Project: Beginner Python Application

💡 Project Ideas:

  1. Personal Finance Tracker
    • Users input income and expenses.
    • Store data in a file or database.
    • Generate reports using matplotlib.
  2. Simple Chatbot
    • Take user input and generate responses.
    • Use basic NLP techniques with dictionaries.
    • Store common responses and improve interaction.
  3. Weather App
    • Fetch weather data using an API.
    • Display current temperature and forecast.

🔹 Course Outcome

By completing this course, students will be able to:
✅ Write Python programs from scratch.
✅ Understand and apply core Python concepts.
✅ Work with files, data structures, and functions effectively.
✅ Build mini projects and a final capstone application.

Bonus

🎉 “Excited to learn Python by doing? Let’s build your first project together!”