Computer System

The Computer System is a very vast subject with lots of varieties. Any configuration of computing hardwares along with its associated softwares can be termed as a Computer System. There are different combinations being used in today’s world, here we will discuss “Personal Computer” 

Personal Computer 

These are a category of computing system generally used in home, schools and offices for personal use or in other words for low computing requirements like office use or for day to day tasks. 

Build A Personal Computer

You can buy a Preconfigured ready to use PC or build a PC as per your requirements 

Step1: Choose your PC Hardwares.

Step 2: Hardware installation.

Step 3: BIOS Settings and OS installation. 

Step 1

Choose your PC Hardwares.

First of all decide what type of PC you need (for personal use, for gaming purpose or development purpose)

Here we will discuss building a gaming PC

Main parts of gaming computer are:

Motherboard This is a PCB where all our computer parts will be installed like CPU, GPU, RAM, Storage device, cooling systems etc.

While selecting MotherBoard you have to be very cautious as this selection will affect all others, that is why I am discussing this part in the beginning.There are various specifications to look after while selecting Motherboards. Here we will discuss them in brief-

• Form Factor : MotherBoard comes in different form factors ATX (Full size motherboard), Micro ATX and mini ITX. ATX MotherBoards are widely used so they have a great support, these motherboards will give you most modifications and updating support.

• CPU Support: while selecting your system board you must do some research on what type of CPU it supports like Intel Or AMD, version of CPU and  generation of CPU.
• Memory Support : Take a note of Memory type support,Max memory (GB), speed, Dual Channel or Single channel and number of DIMM slots.
• Storage Device : Look For HDD and SSD support, Drive Form Factor, Type of Connector.
• Expansion Slots: While selection of motherboard keep in mind the number of PCI Slots available and the number of slots you need or will need for future upgradation.
• Connectivity: Look for connection  support of your board, like available LAN cards, availability of WiFi and Bluetooth and their version.

CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of any computer system. This performs all arithmetic and logical operations.

There are mainly two CPU manufacturers in the market, AMD and Intel.

Both Intel and AMD have many processor lines with different generations, while selecting a CPU you must look for its no. of cores, no. of threads, cache, memory support, and thermal solution required. Last few years releases are listed below:

Intel

Intel® Core™ i3 Processors 

Intel® Core™ i5 Processors 

Intel® Core™ i7 Processors 

Intel® Core™ i9 Processors 

Intel® Core™ X-Series Processors 

AMD 

AMD Ryzen™ 9 Desktop Processors

AMD Ryzen™ 7 Desktop Processors

AMD Ryzen™ 5 Desktop Processors

AMD Ryzen™ 3 Desktop Processors

AMD Ryzen™ Threadripper™ Processors

CPU Cooler : As the CPU is the brain of a computer system and performs various tasks it also generates a lot of heat and so it requires an effective cooling system. You should choose the CPU Cooling system Depending upon the type of CPU and its heat dissipation capacity. Most of the CPU comes with coolers  from the manufacturers (Stock coolers), stock coolers are good for normal performance but to get better performance without throttling down your CPU capabilities you must choose liquid coolers with big thermal radiators.

GPU (Graphics Processing Unit): Main task of the GPU is processing graphical Data. This is mainly used for Gaming, graphics designing, in processing AI data and nowadays it is also used for mining crypto currencies. If you are configuring a gaming computer you should choose your Graphic card wisely since nowadays modern games are made of high graphics.

The name GPU and graphic card are used interchangeably but they both are not same they are different in some ways. A GPU is a chip like CPU whereas a Graphic card is a GPU embedded in its own motherboard, having its own cooling system and power supply and attached to the main motherboard via PCIe Slot. 

AMD and NVIDIA are two main manufacturers of GPUs in the market. They both have a great number of choices.

RAM (Memory): Select memory for the system depending on your requirements and motherboard support. Also look for form factor as per your board availability.

Modern memory sticks come with preinstalled cooling systems.

Storage: There are mainly two options while selecting storage for your system, HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and SSD(Solid State Drive). Both HDD and SSD are used to store data and install OS. SSD is a Solid State Drive and is considerably faster than HDD as  it doesn’t have any moving part like HDD, on the other side HDD has rotating disks packed together.

HDD comes in two (2.5 inch and 3.5 inch) form factors, While SSD comes in many form factors.

SSDs are more expensive than HDDs, so it will be a wise option to install Operating System and Applications on an expensive SSD and store Data which is less frequently accessed by computer systems on HDDs.

PSU (Power Supply Unit): To meet power requirements of the computer a PSU is required. You must choose a PSU depending on your system and future upgrade requirements, also look for the power supply connector support you are using for your build.

While selecting PSU you must look these features-

• Wattage
• 80 plus energy efficiency rating
• Modularity

Cooling System: Almost every Desktop cabinet comes with cooling fans for minimum to maximum cooling requirements depending upon price with some extra space for additional installations of cooling fans, Heat radiators. If you are planning to build a High performance PC you will require more cooling to run your system smoothly without errors.

While selecting cooling fans keep in mind the motherboard support for the fan connectors, cabinet support for fan size, RGB/ARGB requirements , fan bearing type for smooth and longer life, noise level etc.

PC Cabinet This is the Home for your MotherBoard and all its connected parts, Power Supply unit and Cooling fans, so you must choose your PC Cabinet wisely I am discussing this in the last because after selection of the above parts only you can decide which cabinet to use. It’s selection depends on the selection of CPU like if you select a multicore CPU then you will use liquid cooler which requires more space and hence a bigger cabinet same is  in the case of graphics card, Power supply unit and Motherboard.

PC Cabinets are of the following types: Full Tower, Mid Tower, Mini Tower, Small Form Factor.

Step 2

Hardware installation.

Step3

BIOS Settings and OS installation.